フランケンシュタイン・コンプレックス
「人間を模して造られた創造物は、やがて人間を疎ましく思い、創造主である人間に対し、反乱を起こすんじゃないか?」という考え方。というか、一種の恐怖症。
語源は、メアリー・シェリーの小説「フランケンシュタイン」から。
若き天才フランケンシュタイン博士は生命の秘密を解き明かし、人間の死体を材料に人造人間を作り上げる。しかし博士の作り上げた怪物は、博士の家族や恋人を次々と殺していく。
どうも、「ロボットは反乱を起こすもの」と、まるで既成事実のように思われている節がある。
世界で最初にロボットが登場するカレル・チャペックの「R.U.R」からして、ロボット反乱の物語だし、アシモフのロボット工学3原則は、言わば、ロボットの反乱を防ぐためのものだ。
でも、ちょっと考えてほしい。
人間に模して造られれば、反乱を起こす能力を手に入れることは、出来るだろう。
でも、それ自体が、反乱を起こす原因になるだろうか?
フランケンシュタインの怪物が創造主に逆らったのも、人間を模して造られたからではない。創造主に見捨てられたからだ。
フランケンシュタインコンプレックスが実現したことは、まだ一度もない。ロボットやコンピュータの反乱は、あくまでフィクションの中だけの出来事だ。
「まだロボットの性能が低いから」というのは言い訳にならない。性能が高くなればなぜ反乱を起こすのか。合理的な説明はできるだろうか?
フランケンシュタイン・コンプレックスの本当の正体は、単に、「反乱を起こす能力の持ち主が怖い」という、ただそれだけではないだろうか。
本当に反乱を起こすかどうかは問題ではない。少しでも可能性があれば、徹底的に摘み取っておく。
恐怖の根がどのあたりにあるのかは、想像することしかできない。「ロボット→奴隷」「奴隷→反乱」という刷り込みが働いているのかもしれない。初期のロボット物語が書かれた頃の、時代的背景があるのだろうか。
それとも「ロボット→人間の子供」「子供→だんだん言うことを聞かなくなる」というイメージがあるのか。
キリスト教圏だと「人間は創造主(神)をないがしろにしている」「ロボットも創造主(人間)をないがしろにするだろう」なんて意識が、あるのかもしれない。
いずれにしても、「創造主としてあがめられて当然」という人間側の驕りが、フランケンシュタインコンプレックスを生んでいるように思う。
創造物が創造主の思い通りにならないなんて、工学者には当然のことなんだけどね。
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